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THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OF
VERTEBRATES
MAMMALS: Hippopotamus
Hippopotamus (photo by Duarte Diaz) < go to CD
Hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) digestive tract (Stevens & Hume 1995)
Figure 4.9. Hippopotamus expanded forestomach. E designates esophageal entrance, and P designates pylorus. (Modified from Stevens and Hume 1995.) (CD Figure 5.9)
Figure 6.7. Relationship between cell wall digestibility and mean retention time (MRT) of fiber by foregut and colon fermenters on a grass hay diet. Red circles represent foregut fermenting ruminants and camels; a) barasigha, b) eland, c) nilgae, d) wapiti, e) water buck, f) gaur, g) giraffe, h) gemsbok, i) African buffalo, j) American bison, k) dromedary camel, and l) bactrian camel. Blue circles represent colon fermenting a) Grevy’s zebra, b) mountain zebra, c) plains zebra, d) Asian tapir, e) American tapir, f) Asian wild ass, g) African elephant, h) Asian elephant, i) black rhino, j) Indian rhino, and k) white rhino. R2 = 0.66 for the ruminants and camels and 0.26 for colon fermenters. Yellow triangles represent; (1) red kangaroos on an alfalfa diet, river hippos on an (2) alfalfa hay or (3) grass diet, and (4) sloths on a diet of Ceropia palmata foliage. Data for ruminants, camels, hippos, and colon fermenters are from Foose (1982). Data on red kangaroos are from Hume (1999) and data on the three-toed sloth are from Foley et al. (1995) and Foley (personal communication.) (CD Figure 7.7)